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🇷🇺 BM-30 Smerch
Land · NPO Splav / Motovilikha Plants (Rostec) — Rusya · 1989 (Smerch) / 2016-2019 (Tornado-S)
The BM-30 Smerch is a Soviet-origin 12-tube 300 mm heavy multiple rocket launcher designed for wide-area destruction and long-range area fire. The Tornado-S modernization adds GLONASS-guided rockets (9M544/9M549), improving accuracy by up to 3-15x and extending range to 120 km. Heavily used in the Ukraine war, it is regarded as a quantitative and range-based rival to HIMARS.
Specifications
- Type: 300 mm heavy multiple rocket launcher (MLRS)
- Maker / Origin: NPO Splav / Motovilikha (Rostec), Russia
- Chassis: MAZ-543M / KamAZ-63501 8x8 (Tornado-S)
- Weight: ~43.7 t (loaded, 9A52-2)
- Tubes / Salvo: 12 x 300 mm tubes; full salvo ~38 s
- Range: 70-90 km (unguided) / 120 km (guided 9M544), target 200 km
- Munitions: HE-FRAG, thermobaric, incendiary, cluster (AP/AT mines), guided 9M544/9M549
- Guidance: GLONASS satellite navigation; CEP 10-20 m
- Readiness: Ready to fire ~3 min; each rocket can take a separate mission
- Crew: 3-4 personnel (Tornado-S)
- Rocket weight: ~800 kg / warhead ~243 kg
Beats: BM-21 Grad (Rusya) — 122 mm/40 km'lik hafif sistemin aksine 300 mm güdümlü roketlerle çok daha büyük tahrip gücü ve isabet sağlar, PHL-03 (Çin) — temelde Smerch klonu olup güdümlü mühimmat ve GLONASS entegrasyonunda Tornado-S modernizasyonunun gerisindedir
Loses to: M142 HIMARS (ABD) — tekerlekli, hava-nakledilebilir, hızlı kaç-vur taktiğiyle çok daha yüksek hayatta kalma ve ATACMS/PrSM ile 300+ km menzil sunar, M270 MLRS (ABD) — paletli, zırhlı kabin ve daha olgun ateş-kontrol/lojistik ile ER-GMLRS ve PrSM gibi daha modern güdümlü mühimmat ailesine sahiptir, PULS / Lynx (İsrail) — modüler, çok-kalibreli pod mimarisiyle 150 mm'den 300+ km menzilli füzelere kadar tek platformda çok daha esnek bir mühimmat yelpazesi sunar
Smerch's core weakness is its large, exposed, heavy chassis: its shoot-and-scoot capability is poor compared to HIMARS, leaving it vulnerable to counter-battery fire. While Tornado-S guidance greatly improves accuracy, the stock ratio of guided rockets is limited; most launches are still unguided area fire. Claims of 200 km range and a gliding warhead remain largely in development or limited fielding.
Related systems
Related systems (Land): SİPER, HİSAR-O+, HİSAR-A+, SUNGUR, KORKUT, Tayfun, GÜRZ, S-400 Triumf, Patriot (PAC-3), Bora
